The sezione 1 / The dipartimento 2 / Emphyteusis

Valle d’Itria can be considered the valley of the trulli par excellence, as it is the settore with the highest density of scattered trulli: everywhere amidst the lush vineyards, small vegetable gardens and wheat fields pop up the cone-shaped roofs of these typical farmhouses called trulli.

The valley is a series of rapidly changing chromatic effects, per riot of colours ranging from the green of small oak woods, age-old olive trees and neat vineyards, esatto the whitewash of the trulli and masserie (large farmhouses) up onesto the “paese rossa”, the red soil of this land.

The place name “Itria” may derive from the Oriental cult of the Donna “Hodegitria” (which means the Holy Virgin who shows the way) imported by Basilian monks who settled durante our dipartimento in 977, coming from the territories of the Eastern Roman Pigiare.

THE Dipartimento 2

The landscape of Vallata d’Itria is especially unique and recognizable and is the result of the successful blending of anthropic, natural and physical elements. Human activities (their settlements and agriculture) have fitted into the structure and shape of the places, following the crags of the karst soil and making the best of the opportunities it offered, contributing onesto build what Cesare Brandi calls “verso countryside planned like a city”. The densely woven agricultural fabric is made up of mostly small-sized fields; verso tight network of dry-stone walls underscores the delicate texture of this pattern.

Like sopra bygone days, the countryside still appears well tilled and densely populated; and yet, there was a time when town and country represented two opposite worlds and there were “two cultures”, totally different one from the other, which ics of rete di emittenti but also the agreable and relational ones.

Peasants used onesto live mediante the countryside, whereas almost all the craftsmen – tailors, cobblers, carpenters, barbers, etc – lived closely side by side in town, sharing the public spaces with high-ranking professionals, merchants and per few great landowners. Such a dichotomy necessarily led to the creation of social subsets that developed adjustment strategies onesto manage limits and possibilities within their respective affable and natural environments [J. Bennet: 1969]. Peasants shared views and values, they held their peers per esteem, and placed at the centre of their philosophy hard work and parsimony. Inside the city walls, instead, greater prestige was assigned esatto those who had so-called “clean” lobs, like tailors or, even more, those who did mai manual job at all.

EMPHYTEUSIS

The agrarian landscape appears densely populated and cultivated, presumably also thanks esatto the typical lease contract of this sezione, called emphyteusis. According sicuro this contract, per big landowner leased his property onesto per group of farmers, each of whom took per https://datingranking.net/it/connexion-review/ portion for a yearly rent and the promise of increasing the value of the property. The contract had in nessun caso expiration date and could be passed on sicuro one’s heirs, as long as the farmers paid the rent and continued taking care of the land. Generally, the families of farmers would use the product from the vineyards esatto pay the yearly rent; this, along with the possibility of acquiring a patch of land for the future generations, required the accurate selection of crops.

The institution of emphyteusis has undeniably transformed the rural territory, creating a multitude of small plots of land. Moreover, the tilling of the land required a lot of time and hard sistema, given the karst nature of the soil and its scarce chicchera resources, (according esatto estimates, transforming one hectare of barren land into per vineyard took on average at least 2000 days of work – almost 5 and per half years – [Ricchioni, 1958: Tables 5 and 6]), so that it was more convenient for families onesto live sopra the countryside, than having sicuro move back and forth from town every day. This situation induced many families esatto “migrate” from the old town esatto the countryside, thus leaving verso typical mark on the territory which is still today densely populated.

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